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      7. Gobin MH. Surgical management of Duane’s syndrome. Br J Ophthalmol 1974;58:301-6. 8. Kraft SP. Surgical approach to Duane syndrome. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1988;25:119-30. 9. Rosenbaum AL. Costenbader lecture. The efficacy of rectus muscle transposition surgery in Duane syndrome and VI nerve palsy. J AAPOS 2004;8(5):409-19.
      Duane syndrome (DS) is a rare, congenital (present from birth) eye movement disorder. Most patients are diagnosed by the age of 10 years and DS is more common in girls (60 percent of the cases) than boys (40 percent of the cases). DS is a miswiring of the eye muscles, causing some eye muscles to contract when they shouldn’t and other eye
      Duane syndrome is the most common form of aberrant innervation . It is the result of a maldevelopment in which the sixth cranial nerve either does not form or forms only partially, resulting in absence or greatly diminished lateral rectus muscle (LR) recruitment on attempted abduction [1, 2].In addition, branches of the third cranial nerve are redirected to aberrantly innervate the LR
      Duane’s Retraction Syndrome This leaflet describes Duane’s retraction syndrome, its causes and possible treatment. What is it? Duane’s is a congenital (from birth) condition. It is characterised by restriction of outward and/or inward movement of one or both eyes and possible face-turn to the affected side, i.e. restriction of the
      syndrome, Duane-Radial Ray syndrome, and some cases of Holt-Oram syndrome with a pathogenic variant in the SALL4 gene, demonstrating a continuous in phenotypes [1]. To date 20 pathogenic variants have been described, 19 of them generate a change in the reading frame and one affects the splicing site [8-10]. Duane syndrome is a congenital rare type of strabismus most commonly characterized by the inability of the eye to move outward. The syndrome was first described by ophthalmologists Jakob Stilling (1887) and Siegmund Türk (1896), and subsequently named after Alexander Duane, who discussed the disorder in more detail in 1905.. Other names for this condition include: Duane’s retraction syndrome
      Puligadda RK (2015) Surgical Planning for Duane Retraction Syndrome. J Clin Res Ophthalmol 2(2): 019-025. DOI: 10.17352/2455-1414.000012. 019 Abstract. Introduction: Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) a type of relatively rare type of restrictive strabismus. Methods and results: Six cases of DRS comprising of all sub types and their outcome was
      option for eliminating AHP and is our treatment of choice in patients with Duane’s syndrome. The incidence of Duane’s syndrome is 1% to 4% of strabismus patients.1 It is the most common type of congenital ocular aberrant innervation.2 Alexander Duane, as well as other authors, characterised this entity
      Duane syndrome (DS) is also called Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome or congenital retraction syndrome. Disease is known for over 100 years, but etiology and etiopathogenesis, as well as self-diagnosis and treatment is still a topic for discussion. DS is represented in 2% between ocular disorders. At 80%, it is one-sided and more often, up to 75%
      Type IV Duane syndrome has been called simultaneous abduction, synergistic divergence, the «splits», and perversion of the extraocular muscles.1,3,6,7 Type IV Duane syndrome has previously been described in the literature, but only case reports have been reported. We characterize Type IV Duane syndrome as exotropia in primary gaze, face turn
      Duane’s syndrome, and Mein (I968) mentioned two cases ofdeafness in her series of77 patients with Duane’s syndrome. In a review ofvisual defects in deafchildren, Stockw,ell (1952) noted that one female showed absence ofthe lateral rectus muscles, possibly a case ofDuane’s svndrome. Single cases of Duane’s syndrome associated with the Klippel
      I Duane syndrome has been previously reported only once1-5. There is a progressive degeneration of the muscle fibers that causes increasing weakness and accentuated elevation of se-rum creatine phosphokinase level. The molecular analysis of DMD gene was negative for deletions, therefore, most prob-
      I Duane syndrome has been previously reported only once1-5. There is a progressive degeneration of the muscle fibers that causes increasing weakness and accentuated elevation of se-rum creatine phosphokinase level. The molecular analysis of DMD gene was negative for deletions, therefore, most prob-
      gene, CHN1, is located on chromosome 2 (2q31), SALL4 mutations on chromosome 20 (20q13) which causes Duane radial ray syndrome (with dysplasia of radial bone). AA: It is quite common to be hereditary. In a study we had on 67 patients with Duane syndrome, only 1 patient showed a positive family history (unpublished) SK: Agree. It can run in

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